yum源如何使用国内源

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yum源切换为国内的阿里和163

1. 备份、移除原来的repo

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[root@bogon ~]#  ll /etc/yum.repos.d/
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 1664 Dec  9  2015 CentOS-Base.repo
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 1309 Dec  9  2015 CentOS-CR.repo
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root  649 Dec  9  2015 CentOS-Debuginfo.repo
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root  290 Dec  9  2015 CentOS-fasttrack.repo
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root  630 Dec  9  2015 CentOS-Media.repo
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 1331 Dec  9  2015 CentOS-Sources.repo
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 1952 Dec  9  2015 CentOS-Vault.repo
[root@bogon ~]# mv /etc/yum.repos.d /etc/yum.repos.d-bak
[root@bogon ~]# mkdir /etc/yum.repos.d

2. 配置使用网易和阿里的开源镜像

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[root@bogon ~]# cd  /etc/yum.repos.d
[root@bogon yum.repos.d]# wget http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-7.repo

[root@bogon yum.repos.d]# wget http://mirrors.163.com/.help/CentOS7-Base-163.repo


3.清除系统yum缓存并生成新的yum缓存

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[root@bogon yum.repos.d]# ls     # 列出/etc/yum.repos.d/目录下的文件
Centos-7.repo  CentOS-Base-163.repo  repo.bak

[root@bogon yum.repos.d]# yum clean all  # 清除系统所有的yum缓存
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, langpacks
Repository base is listed more than once in the configuration
Repository updates is listed more than once in the configuration
Repository extras is listed more than once in the configuration
Repository centosplus is listed more than once in the configuration
Cleaning repos: base extras updates
Cleaning up everything
Cleaning up list of fastest mirrors

[root@bogon yum.repos.d]# yum makecache  # 生成yum缓存
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, langpacks
Repository base is listed more than once in the configuration
Repository updates is listed more than once in the configuration
Repository extras is listed more than once in the configuration
Repository centosplus is listed more than once in the configuration
base                                                                                  | 3.6 kB  00:00:00     
extras                                                                                | 3.4 kB  00:00:00     
updates                                                                               | 3.4 kB  00:00:00     
(1/12): base/7/x86_64/filelists_db                                                    | 6.7 MB  00:00:02     
(2/12): base/7/x86_64/group_gz                                                        | 156 kB  00:00:02     
(3/12): base/7/x86_64/other_db                                                        | 2.5 MB  00:00:01     
(4/12): base/7/x86_64/primary_db                                                      | 5.7 MB  00:00:02     
(5/12): extras/7/x86_64/prestodelta                                                   |  51 kB  00:00:01     
(6/12): extras/7/x86_64/filelists_db                                                  | 494 kB  00:00:02     
(7/12): extras/7/x86_64/other_db                                                      |  86 kB  00:00:00     
(8/12): extras/7/x86_64/primary_db                                                    | 130 kB  00:00:01     
(9/12): updates/7/x86_64/prestodelta                                                  | 406 kB  00:00:01     
(10/12): updates/7/x86_64/filelists_db                                                | 2.1 MB  00:00:01     
(11/12): updates/7/x86_64/other_db                                                    | 354 kB  00:00:00     
(12/12): updates/7/x86_64/primary_db                                                  | 3.6 MB  00:00:01     
Determining fastest mirrors
Metadata Cache Created

4.安装epel源

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[root@bogon yum.repos.d]# yum list | grep epel-release
Repository base is listed more than once in the configuration
Repository updates is listed more than once in the configuration
Repository extras is listed more than once in the configuration
Repository centosplus is listed more than once in the configuration
epel-release.noarch                         7-9                        extras   

[root@bogon yum.repos.d]# yum install -y epel-release
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, langpacks
Repository base is listed more than once in the configuration
Repository updates is listed more than once in the configuration
Repository extras is listed more than once in the configuration
Repository centosplus is listed more than once in the configuration
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
Resolving Dependencies
--> Running transaction check
---> Package epel-release.noarch 0:7-9 will be installed
--> Finished Dependency Resolution

Dependencies Resolved

=============================================================================================================
 Package                       Arch                    Version                 Repository               Size
=============================================================================================================
Installing:
 epel-release                  noarch                  7-9                     extras                   14 k

Transaction Summary
=============================================================================================================
Install  1 Package

Total download size: 14 k
Installed size: 24 k
Downloading packages:
epel-release-7-9.noarch.rpm                                                           |  14 kB  00:00:00     
Running transaction check
Running transaction test
Transaction test succeeded
Running transaction
  Installing : epel-release-7-9.noarch                                                                   1/1 
  Verifying  : epel-release-7-9.noarch                                                                   1/1 

Installed:
  epel-release.noarch 0:7-9                                                                                  

Complete!
[root@bogon yum.repos.d]# ls   # epel源安装成功，比原来多了一个epel.repo和epel-testing.repo文件
Centos-7.repo  CentOS-Base-163.repo  epel.repo  epel-testing.repo  repo.bak

5.使用阿里开源镜像提供的epel源

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[root@bogon yum.repos.d]# wget -O /etc/yum.repos.d/epel-7.repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/epel-7.repo    # 下载阿里开源镜像的epel源文件
--2018-03-08 20:22:14--  http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/epel-7.repo
Resolving mirrors.aliyun.com (mirrors.aliyun.com)... 183.2.199.237, 113.96.109.95, 113.96.109.93, ...
Connecting to mirrors.aliyun.com (mirrors.aliyun.com)|183.2.199.237|:80... connected.
HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 200 OK
Length: 1084 (1.1K) [application/octet-stream]
Saving to: ‘/etc/yum.repos.d/epel-7.repo’

100%[=================================================================================================>] 1,084       --.-K/s   in 0s      

2018-03-08 20:22:14 (130 MB/s) - ‘/etc/yum.repos.d/epel-7.repo’ saved [1084/1084]

[root@bogon yum.repos.d]# ls
CentOS7-Base-163.repo  Centos-7.repo  epel-7.repo  epel.repo  epel-testing.repo  repo_bak


清除系统yum缓存，并重新生成新的yum缓存

[root@bogon yum.repos.d]# yum clean all
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, langpacks
Repository base is listed more than once in the configuration
Repository updates is listed more than once in the configuration
Repository extras is listed more than once in the configuration
Repository centosplus is listed more than once in the configuration
Repository epel is listed more than once in the configuration
Repository epel-debuginfo is listed more than once in the configuration
Repository epel-source is listed more than once in the configuration
Cleaning repos: base epel extras updates
Cleaning up everything
Cleaning up list of fastest mirrors

[root@bogon yum.repos.d]# yum makecache
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, langpacks
Repository base is listed more than once in the configuration
Repository updates is listed more than once in the configuration
Repository extras is listed more than once in the configuration
Repository centosplus is listed more than once in the configuration
Repository epel is listed more than once in the configuration
Repository epel-debuginfo is listed more than once in the configuration
Repository epel-source is listed more than once in the configuration
base                                                                                                                | 3.6 kB  00:00:00     
epel                                                                                                                | 4.7 kB  00:00:00     
extras                                                                                                              | 3.4 kB  00:00:00     
updates                                                                                                             | 3.4 kB  00:00:00     
(1/18): base/7/x86_64/group_gz                                                                                      | 156 kB  00:00:01     
(2/18): base/7/x86_64/filelists_db

6.查看系统可用的yum源和所有的yum源

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[root@bogon yum.repos.d]# yum repolist enabled
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, langpacks
Repository base is listed more than once in the configuration
Repository updates is listed more than once in the configuration
Repository extras is listed more than once in the configuration
Repository centosplus is listed more than once in the configuration
Repository epel is listed more than once in the configuration
Repository epel-debuginfo is listed more than once in the configuration
Repository epel-source is listed more than once in the configuration
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
 * epel: mirrors.aliyun.com
repo id                                            repo name                                                                         status
base/7/x86_64                                      CentOS-7 - Base - 163.com                                                          9,591
epel/x86_64                                        Extra Packages for Enterprise Linux 7 - x86_64                                    12,382
extras/7/x86_64                                    CentOS-7 - Extras - 163.com                                                          390
updates/7/x86_64                                   CentOS-7 - Updates - 163.com                                                       1,941
repolist: 24,304

[root@bogon yum.repos.d]# yum repolist all
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, langpacks
Repository base is listed more than once in the configuration
Repository updates is listed more than once in the configuration
Repository extras is listed more than once in the configuration
Repository centosplus is listed more than once in the configuration
Repository epel is listed more than once in the configuration
Repository epel-debuginfo is listed more than once in the configuration
Repository epel-source is listed more than once in the configuration
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
 * epel: mirrors.aliyun.com
repo id                                     repo name                                                                       status
base/7/x86_64                               CentOS-7 - Base - 163.com                                                       enabled:  9,591
centosplus/7/x86_64                         CentOS-7 - Plus - 163.com                                                       disabled
contrib/7/x86_64                            CentOS-7 - Contrib - mirrors.aliyun.com                                         disabled
epel/x86_64                                 Extra Packages for Enterprise Linux 7 - x86_64                                  enabled: 12,382
epel-debuginfo/x86_64                       Extra Packages for Enterprise Linux 7 - x86_64 - Debug                          disabled
epel-source                                 Extra Packages for Enterprise Linux 7 - x86_64 - Source                         disabled
epel-testing/x86_64                         Extra Packages for Enterprise Linux 7 - Testing - x86_64                        disabled
epel-testing-debuginfo/x86_64               Extra Packages for Enterprise Linux 7 - Testing - x86_64 - Debug                disabled
epel-testing-source/x86_64                  Extra Packages for Enterprise Linux 7 - Testing - x86_64 - Source               disabled
extras/7/x86_64                             CentOS-7 - Extras - 163.com                                                     enabled:    390
updates/7/x86_64                            CentOS-7 - Updates - 163.com                                                    enabled:  1,941
repolist: 24,304